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The Ibizan Finca - the Traditional Rural House of Ibiza
The traditional farmhouse of Ibiza, also known as the Ibizan finca, is one of the most popular types of property for sale on the island. This type of property is defined by a simple architecture. No Ibizan finca is ever the same as the other, but all fincas have certain features in common that define them as a specific architectural style. These original features are:
Materials – Built by the farmer, the property is essentially made of materials found in the countryside or by the sea: dry stone, juniper beams for the roof, sand, clay and marine plants.
Location – The house is ideally located on a high point of the side of a hill with rocks as a natural foundation, taking advantage of landscape features and slope without overflowing on ground favourable to the cultivation.
Orientation – The entrance is almost always facing south, leaving behind the mountain, protected from the north winds and thus continuously receiving sunlight.
Decoration – Minimalist decoration suits this style of home, when used decorative elements should use natural materials.
Wall – Featuring wide walls made with dry stones and mortar. Most walls are whitewashed in both homes and churches, although sometimes presented showing bare stone.
Window – Used to be small and formerly had no glass, narrower on the outside than on the inside, to protect from an attack like in a fortress. Another purpose of the small windows was to protect the inside from the hot sun in summer, contributing to create a cool ambience.
Roof – Usually flat and originally made up of three layers: juniper wood, ash and marine plants and a layer of clay, which acted as insulation and is impermeable.
Today the new fincas reflects the character of the old fincas, but to adapt them to modern living, fincas are now built using different materials and have considerable differences in form and composition like big windows, higher ceilings and the use of more decorative elements. However, in essence, these types of properties preserve the memory, the technique and the identity of the Ibizan culture and history.
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